Scrophulariaceae

Figwort Family

Besseya arizonica.  ARIZONA CORALDROPS.  Perennial.  Found in Coconino and Apache counties, 7000-9500 feet [McD].

Besseya plantaginea.  WHITE RIVER CORALDROPS.  Perennial.  Found in the White Mountains of Apache County, 7000-9500 feet [McD].

Castilleja applegatei ssp. martinii (=Castilleja chromosa).  WAVYLEAF INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  Perennial.  Found throughout region, 2000-8000 feet [McD].

Castilleja austromontana.  RINCON MOUNTAIN INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  Perennial.  Found in Coconino County and in the White Mountains of Apache County, at 6500-10,000 feet [McD].

Castilleja exserta (=Orthocarpus purpurascens).  ESCOBITA.  PURPLE OWL'S-CLOVER.  EXSERTED INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  Annual.  Found in Mohave and Yavapai counties, 1500-4600 feet [McD].  Northern Gila County, near Theodore Roosevelt Lake at ca. 2200 feet.

Castilleja integra.  WHOLELEAF INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  SOUTHWESTERN PAINTBRUSH.  Perennial.  Throughout region, 3000-8500 feet [McD].

Castilleja kaibabensis.  KAIBAB PAINTBRUSH.  KAIBAB PLATEAU INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  Perennial.  Kaibab Plateau north of Grand Canyon, at 8200-9000 feet [ARPC].

Castilleja linariifolia.  WYOMING INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  Perennial.  Found throughout region, 5000-10,000 feet [McD].

Castilleja lineata.  MARSHMEADOW INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  Perennial.  Found in the White Mountains of Apache County, 8000-10,000 feet [McD].

Castilleja miniata ssp. miniata (=Castilleja confusa).  GIANT RED INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  Perennial.  Coconino and Apache counties, 7000-8700 feet [McD].

Castilleja minor.  LESSER INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  Annual.  Throughout region, 3000-7500 feet [McD].

Castilleja sulphurea (=Castilleja mogollonica).  MOGOLLON PAINTBRUSH.  WHITE MOUNTAINS PAINTBRUSH.  SULPHUR INDIAN PAINTBRUSH.  Southern Apache County, White Mountains, 8500-9500 feet [ARPC, C. mogollonica].

Collinsia parviflora.  MAIDEN BLUE-EYED-MARY.  Annual.  Found in Mohave, Yavapai, and Coconino counties, 4000-8000 feet [McD].  Northern Gila County, ca. 6100 feet [LD].

Cordylanthus laxiflorus.  NODDING BIRD'S-BEAK.  Annual.  Reported from Yavapai, Coconino, and Navajo counties, 3500-6000 feet [McD].

Cordylanthus nevinii.  NEVIN'S BIRD'S-BEAK.  Annual.  Reported from Hualapai Mountains in Mohave County at ca. 6500 feet [McD].

Cordylanthus parviflorus.PURPLE BIRD'S-BEAK.  Annual.  Found in Mohave and Coconino counties, 2500-7000 feet [McD].

Cordylanthus wrightii (=Cordylanthus wrightii var. pauciflora).  Yavapai, Coconino, Navajo, and Apache counties, 5000-7500 feet [McD].

Cordylanthus wrightii ssp. tenuifolius (=Cordylanthus tenuifolius).  WRIGHT'S BIRD'S-BEAK.  Annual.  Reported from northern Yavapai and from Coconino counties, 6500-8000 feet [McD].

Gratiola neglecta.  CLAMMY HEDGEHYSSOP.  Annual.  Reported from Coconino County at ca. 7000 feet [McD].

Keckiella antirrhinoides ssp. microphylla (=Penstemon microphyllus).  SNAPDRAGON PENSTEMON.  Found in Mohave and Yavapai counties, 1500-5000 feet [McD].

Limosella acaulis.  OWYHEE MUDWORT.  Annual or perennial.  Found at Lake Mary and White Horse Lake, in Coconino County, 6000-7000 feet [McD].

Limosella aquatica.  WATER MUDWORT.  Annual or perennial.  Reported from "near Flagstaff" in Coconino County, and at Big Lake in Apache County, 7000-10,000 feet [McD].

Linaria dalmatica.  DALMATIAN TOADFLAX.  Perennial.  Found in Yavapai and Coconino counties, 5000-7200 feet [McD].

Linaria vulgaris.  BUTTER AND EGGS.  Perennial.  Found in the vicinity of Flagstaff, Coconino County, at ca. 7200 feet [McD].

Maurandella antirrhiniflora (=Maurandya antirrhiniflora).  ROVING SAILOR.  Perennial.  Found in Mohave, Yavapai, and Coconino counties, 1500-6000 feet [McD].

Mimetanthe pilosa (=Mimulus pilosus).  FALSE MONKEYFLOWER.  Annual.  Reported from Yavapai County, at 1000-4500 feet [McD].

Mimulus bigelovii.  BIGELOW'S MONKEYFLOWER.  Annual.  Found in Mohave County, 1000-2500 feet [McD].

Mimulus cardinalis.  SCARLET MONKEYFLOWER.  Perennial.  Throughout region, 2000-8500 feet [McD].

Mimulus eastwoodiae.  EASTWOOD'S MONKEYFLOWER.  Perennial.  Reported from eastern Coconino County, and Navajo and Apache counties, 6000-7000 feet [McD].

Mimulus floribundus.  MANYFLOWERED MONKEYFLOWER.  Annual.  Found or reported in Yavapai and Coconino counties, and in the White Mountains of Apache County, 3000-9000 feet [McD].

Mimulus glabratus.  ROUNDLEAF MONKEYFLOWER.  Perennial.  Reported from Yavapai, Coconino, and Apache counties, 3500-5500 feet [McD].

Mimulus guttatus (=Mimulus nasutus).  SEEP MONKEYFLOWER.  Usually perennial.  Found throughout region at 1000-9500 feet [McD].

Mimulus parryi.  ANNUAL REDSPOT MONKEYFLOWER.  Annual.  Reported from near Littlefield in northwestern Mohave County at ca. 2000 feet [McD].

Mimulus primuloides.  PRIMROSE MONKEYFLOWER.  Perennial.  Found on the Kaibab Plateau in Coconino County, and in the White Mountains of Apache County, at 8000-9500 feet [McD].

Mimulus rubellus.  LITTLE REDSTEM MONKEYFLOWER.  Annual.  Found in Mohave, Yavapai, Coconino, and Apache counties, 2000-8250 feet [McD].

Mimulus suksdorfii.  SUKSDORF'S MONKEYFLOWER.  Annual.  Reported from north of Beaver Dam in western Mohave County, and from Jumpup Divide on the Kaibab Plateau in Coconino County [McD].

Mohavea breviflora.  GOLDEN DESERT-SNAPDRAGON.  Annual.  Reported from northern Mohave County from Beaver Dam to about 20 miles south of Lake Mead, 2500 feet or lower [McD].

Mohavea confertiflora.  GHOST FLOWER.  Annual.  Reported from Mohave County, 2500 feet or lower [McD].

Neogaerrhinum filipes (=Antirrhinum filipes).  FILIPES SNAPDRAGON.  Annual.  Reported from Mohave County, 2500 feet or lower [McD].

Orthocarpus luteus.  YELLOW OWL'S-CLOVER.  Annual.  Found throughout region, 6000-9000 feet [McD].

Orthocarpus purpureoalbus.  PURPLEWHITE OWL'S-CLOVER.  Annual.  Found in Yavapai, Coconino, Navajo, and Apache counties, 5500-9000 feet [McD].

Pedicularis centranthera.  WOOD BETONY.  DWARF LOUSEWORT.  Perennial.  Throughout region at 5000-7500 feet [McD].

Pedicularis groenlandica.  ELEPHANTHEAD.  LITTLE ELEPHANT.  ELEPHANTHEAD LOUSEWORT.  Perennial.  Reported from Mount Baldy in the White Mountains of Apache County at ca. 10,000 feet [McD].

Pedicularis parryi.  PARRY'S LOUSEWORT.  Perennial.  Found on San Francisco Mountain in Coconino County, and in the White Mountains of Apache County, 5700-12,000 feet [McD].

Pedicularis procera. (=Pedicularis grayi).  GIANT LOUSEWORT.  Perennial.  Found in the White Mountains of Apache County, 8000-10,000 feet [McD].

Pedicularis racemosa.  SICKLETOP LOUSEWORT.  Perennial.  Reported from Mounty Baldy in the White Mountains of Apache County, at 9500-11,000 feet [McD].

Penstemon albomarginatus.  WHITEMARGIN BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Reported from near Yucca in Mohave County at 1500-2500 feet [McD].  At Dutch Flat near Yucca, Mohave County, 1900-3100 feet [ARPC].

Penstemon ambiguus.  GILIA BEARDTONGUE.  Subshrub.  Coconino, Navajo, and Apache counties, 4500-6500 feet [McD].

Penstemon angustifolius var. venosus (=Penstemon angustifolius ssp. venosus).  BROADBEARD BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Found in Coconino, Navajo, and Apache counties, 5000-6500 feet [McD].

Penstemon barbatus.  BEARDLIP PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Found throughout region at 4000-10,000 feet [McD].

Penstemon barbatus ssp. torreyi  TORREY'S PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  [McD, who doesn't distinguish the range of this subspecies from the species].

Penstemon barbatus ssp. trichander  BEARDLIP PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  [McD, who doesn't distinguish the range of this subspecies from the species].

Penstemon bicolor ssp. roseus.  PINTO BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Reported from north of Chloride, Mohave County at ca. 2500 feet [McD].

Penstemon caespitosus ssp. desertipicti  MAT PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Coconino and Navajo counties, 4500-7000 feet [McD].

Penstemon clutei.  SUNSET CRATER PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Sunset Crater National Monument and vicinity northeast of Flagstaff, Coconino County, at ca. 7000 feet [McD].

Penstemon cobaea.  COBAEA BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Reported to have been collected near Flagstaff, but probably an escape from cultivation [McD].

Penstemon comarrhenus.  DUSTY BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Found in Coconino, Navajo, and Apache counties, 6000-7500 feet [McD].

Penstemon deaveri (=Penstemon virgatus ssp. arizonicus).  MT. GRAHAM BEARDTONGUE.  Found in the White Mountains of Apache County [McD].

Penstemon distans.  MT. TRUMBULL BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Northern Mohave County: Whitmore, Parashant, and Andrus canyons; 3900-5200 feet [ARPC].

Penstemon eatonii.  EATON'S PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Throughout region at 2000-7500 feet [McD].

Penstemon lentus.  HANDSOME BEARDTONGUE.  Subshrub.  Reported from Navajo and Apache counties at 6000-8500 feet [McD].

Penstemon linarioides.  TOADFLAX PENSTEMON.  Subshrub.  Throughout region, 4000-9000 feet [McD].

Penstemon nudiflorus.  FLAGSTAFF BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Found in Mohave, Yavapai, and Coconino counties south of the Colorado River, 4500-7000 feet [McD].

Penstemon oliganthus.  APACHE BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Reported from Apache County [McD].

Penstemon ophianthus (=Penstemon jamesii ssp. ophianthus).  COILED ANTHER PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Throughout region at 4500-7000 feet [McD].

Penstemon pachyphyllus var. congestus (=Penstemon pachyphyllus ssp. congestus).  THICKLEAF BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Found in Mohave, Coconino, and Apache counties, 4500-8500 feet [McD].

Penstemon palmeri.  PALMER'S PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Found in Mohave, Yavapai, and Coconino counties, 3500-6800 feet [McD].

Penstemon petiolatus.  CREVICE PENSTEMON.  SHEEP RANGE BEARDTONGUE.  PETIOLATE BEARDTONGUE.  Shrub or subshrub.  Northwestern Mohave County: Virgin Mountains and Beaver Dam Mountains, 2000-4000 feet [ARPC].

Penstemon pseudospectabilis ssp. pseudospectabilis.  DESERT PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Found in Mohave County, 2000-7000 feet [McD].

Penstemon pseudospectabilis ssp. connatifolius.  DESERT PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Mohave, Yavapai, Coconino, and Apache counties, 2000-7000 feet [McD].

Penstemon rostriflorus (=Penstemon bridgesii).  BRIDGE PENSTEMON.  Perennial or subshrub.  Mohave, Yavapai, Coconino, and Navajo counties, 4500-7000 feet [McD].

Penstemon rydbergii.  RYDBERG'S PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Reported from the North Rim of Grand Canyon at 8500 feet [McD].

Penstemon strictus.  ROCKY MOUNTAIN PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Navajo and Apache counties, 7000-8000 feet [McD].  This species is seeded along roadsides and is frequently used in gardens in and near Flagstaff, and along state highway 180 northwest of San Francisco Mountain, Coconino County [LD].

Penstemon subulatus.  HACKBERRY BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Found in Mohave and western Yavapai counties, 1500-4500 feet [McD].

Penstemon thompsoniae.  THOMPSON'S BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Mohave, Yavapai, Coconino, and Navajo counties, 4000-7000 feet [McD].

Penstemon thurberi.  THURBER'S PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Found in Mohave and Yavapai counties, 2000-5000 feet [McD].

Penstemon utahensis.  UTAH PENSTEMON.  Perennial.  Found in Mohave, Coconino, and Navajo counties, 4000-6500 feet [McD].

Penstemon virgatus.  UPRIGHT BLUE BEARDTONGUE.  Perennial.  Throughout region at 5000-11,000 feet [McD].

Penstemon watsonii.  WATSON'S PENSTEMON.  Subshrub.  Reported from northern Mohave County [McD].

Penstemon whippleanus.  WHIPPLE'S PENSTEMON.  Subshrub.  Found in Mohave and Coconino counties, 6500-12,000 feet [McD].

Rhinanthus minor (=Rhinanthus rigidus).  LITTLE YELLOWRATTLE.  Annual.  Reported from the White Mountains in Apache County, 9000-9500 feet [McD].

Sairocarpus kingii (=Antirrhinum kingii).  LEAST SNAPDRAGON.  Annual.  Reported from the inner gorge of Grand Canyon, and from Toroweap Valley, Mohave County [McD].

Sairocarpus nuttallianus (=Antirrhinum nuttallianum).  VIOLET SNAPDRAGON.  Annual or biennial.  Reported from Yavapai County at 4000 feet or lower [McD].

Scrophularia parviflora.  PINELAND FIGWORT.  Perennial.  Found in Mohave, Yavapai, and Coconino counties, 5000-8000 feet [McD].

Verbascum blattaria.  MOTH MULLEIN.  Biennial.  Recorded from grounds of Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff, Coconino County [McD].

Verbascum thapsus.  COMMON MULLEIN.  Biennial.  Throughout region, at 3200-8700 feet [McD].

Verbascum virgatum.  WAND MULLEIN.  Biennial.  From near Fern Mountain in the San Francisco Mountain area, Coconino County [McD].

Veronica americana.  BROOKLIME.  AMERICAN SPEEDWELL.  Perennial.  Found in Yavapai, Coconino, Navajo, and Apache counties [McD].

Veronica anagallis-aquatica (=Veronica connata ssp. glaberrima).  WATER SPEEDWELL.  Perennial.  Found throughout region, 1500-7000 feet [McD].

Veronica peregrina ssp. xalapensis.  HAIRY PURSLANE SPEEDWELL.  Annual.  Found throughout region up to 10,000 feet [McD].

Veronica persica.  BIRDEYE SPEEDWELL.  PERSIAN SPEEDWELL.  Annual.  Reported from Oak Creek Canyon, in Coconino County [McD].

Veronica serpyllifolia.  THYMELEAF SPEEDWELL.  Perennial.  Found on the Kaibab Plateau in Coconino County, and in the White Mountains in Apache County, 7800-10,000 feet [McD].

Veronica wormskjoldii.  AMERICAN ALPINE SPEEDWELL.  Perennial.  Found on San Francisco Mountain in Coconino County, and Mount Baldy in Apache County, 9500-12,000 feet [McD].

This page revised 6 July 2008.